The observation that the number of transistors on a computer chip roughly doubles about every two years.
In 1965, Gordon Moore, who later co-founded Intel, noted that the number of components on integrated circuits was doubling at a regular pace. In 1975 he revised the forecast to roughly every two years. The trend held for decades and became a planning target for the semiconductor industry, driving dramatic gains in computing power and falling costs.
Moore's Law is an observation about engineering and economics, not a law of physics. As transistors approach atomic scales, shrinking them has become harder and more expensive, and many experts say the traditional pace has slowed. The industry continues to improve performance through new transistor designs, 3D stacking, chiplets that combine smaller dies, and specialized processors such as GPUs and NPUs.
Central Processing Unit: the main processor in a computer that executes program instructions and coordinates other components.
GPUGraphics Processing Unit: a processor with thousands of small cores designed for parallel work, used for graphics and AI.
SemiconductorA material, most commonly silicon, whose electrical conductivity can be controlled, forming the basis of computer chips and electronics.
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